The Amharic Version of the Sudan-Ethiopia-Eritrea Border Agreement of 1902

 

The agreement can be downloaded at:

https://www.mediafire.com/file/51i61nbwc3js4m0/Sudan+Ethiopia+Eritrea+border+Treaty+1902+Amharic+Version.pdf/file

A 2019 thesis on the role of the Sudanese in Liberating Ethiopia 1935-1941

 A 2019 thesis on the role of the Sudanese in Liberating Ethiopia 1935-1941. 

Haile Sellasie was a refugee there and led the war of Ethiopia's Liberation from Italy from there. Sudanese Defence Forces fought both in Eritrea and Ethiopia. Ethiopians seldom mention the role of African troops in the liberation. There was a contingent from Ghana that participated in the war and was later stationed in Gondar. The Ghanaian Armed Forces have named one of their barracks in Ghana after Gondar.

https://archive.org/details/20190927_20190927_2049

Original Treaty Series No. 16: Relative to the Frontiers Between the Soudan, Ethiopia and Eritrea 1902

 

Original Treaty Series No. 16: Treaties between the United Kingdom and Ethiopia And Between the United Kingdom, Italy, and Ethiopia Relative to the Frontiers Between the Soudan, Ethiopia and Eritrea

signed at addis Ababa May 15 1902 Ratifications delivered at Addis Ababa October 28, 1902

https://www.mediafire.com/file/yhkfc5ao1k386ra/Original+Treaty+Series+no.+16.+1902+Ethiopia+UK+Sudan.pdf/file

A 51 page document posted on 27 October 2020 lists all political prisoners who have disappeared in Eritrea

A 51 page document posted on 27 October 2020 by Martin Plaut that lists all political prisoners who have disappeared in Eritrea

Behind each name or face is a family tragedy 

https://eritreahub.org/eritrea-an-updated-list-of-all-political-prisoners-who-disappeared

Modeling the Local Political Economy of Adulis: 1000 BCE-700 ACE

A 2019 PhD thesis,  Modelling the Local Political Economy of Adulis: 1000 BCE-700 ACE  

by  Daniel Habtemichael 

The traditional political economy perspective holds that Adulis is a periphery, a port in an Aksum dominated world economy. An alternative theoretical position proposed in this dissertation is that Adulis was an independent state and a centre of its own. The dissertation research shows the archaeological data supports that Adulis was a centre of its own. 

Moreover, the dissertation successfully establishes the basis of Adulis' political economy by distinctly illustrating its role in interregional trades in aromatics, readiness to train and export war elephants, and its perceived upper-tier rank in governance locally and among other Red Sea ports. Early involvement of Adulis in the aromatics trades of the Red Sea instituted tangible and intangible political economy capital. However, it was a combination of Adulis’ capability to export war elephants in wars of local and general interest, its strategic location connecting the Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean worlds, responsible governance, and its favourable climatic conditions all were factors in Adulis’ significant position in antiquity. 

This dissertation seeks to advance the understanding of the Northern Horn of Africa by such scholars as W.E.B. Du Bois who insist that African history be studied on its own terms and not those imported from or that emphasize the importance of the European experience. Key to building such a perspective is an understanding of the complexities of the exercise of power and the provisioning of past societies in the region. I develop this position for Adulis and its role in the Ancient World by focusing on the long-term, using a broad regional and continuous material culture data of Northern Africa and an inquiry of the political economy of such. This perspective contextualizes the relationship between Europe and Africa in long-term and recent experiences. W.E.B. Du Bois calls for the long-term focus to envelop an era of mutual respect and trade between Africa and Europe distinctive from the painful recent experience. While recent postcolonial studies have made notable contributions regarding the recent past, the long-term focus of this dissertation has pushed the boundaries of these. The dissertation x concludes by pointing out how advancing this perspective improves concurrent social struggles and promotes the development of relevant social theories.

 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Ew0MxMQ4jFAmuj-phdPN6egZ_BrZwsFp/view