Missionaries, Education & the State in the Italian Colony of Eritrea

Missionaries,  Education & the State in the Italian Colony of Eritrea by Jonathan Miran, 2002:

بعثات التبشيرالكنسية, التعليم والدولة في فترة الحتلال الايطالي في اريتريا

This chapter examines the role of Christian missionaries in the educational system in Italian Eritrea, from the establishment of the colony in 1890 to the creation of Italian East Africa (Africa Orientale Italiana) in 1936. More broadly, it investigates the 'nature' of the Italian colonial state, as revealed in the Eritrean case. ...

In 1890, the few schools in the newly proclaimed colony were run by French Lazarists and Swedish Lutheran missionaries, In 1894 the Italian authorities expelled the Lazarists, replacing them with Italian Capuchins. Thirty years later, they deported most of the remaining Swedish Lutheran missionaries. So from 1923 onwards, the Capuchins controlled almost all government and all Catholic schools and assumed the management and implementation of official educational policies. Moreover, with the advent of the fascist regime in Rome and the ensuing Lateran pacts with the Holy See (1929), Catholicism became defacto the state religion in the colony in the early 1930s.

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